Directorate S
Audiobook & Ebook

Directorate S by Steve Coll | Audiobook Review

By Steve Coll

Narrated by Malcolm Hillgartner

🎧 28 hours and 30 minutes 📘 Penguin Audio 📅 February 6, 2018 🌐 English

About This Audiobook

Winner of the National Book Critics Circle Award for Nonfiction Nominated for the National Book Award for Nonfiction

From the Pulitzer Prize-winning author of Ghost Wars and The Achilles Trap, the epic and enthralling story of America's intelligence, military, and diplomatic efforts to defeat Al Qaeda and the Taliban in Afghanistan and Pakistan since 9/11

Prior to 9/11, the United States had been carrying out small-scale covert operations in Afghanistan, ostensibly in cooperation, although often in direct opposition, with I.S.I., the Pakistani intelligence agency. While the US was trying to quell extremists, a highly secretive and compartmentalized wing of I.S.I., known as "Directorate S," was covertly training, arming, and seeking to legitimize the Taliban, in order to enlarge Pakistan's sphere of influence. After 9/11, when fifty-nine countries, led by the U. S., deployed troops or provided aid to Afghanistan in an effort to flush out the Taliban and Al Qaeda, the U.S. was set on an invisible slow-motion collision course with Pakistan.

Today we know that the war in Afghanistan would falter badly because of military hubris at the highest levels of the Pentagon, the drain on resources and provocation in the Muslim world caused by the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq, and corruption. But more than anything, as Coll makes painfully clear, the war in Afghanistan was doomed because of the failure of the United States to apprehend the motivations and intentions of I.S.I.'s "Directorate S". This was a swirling and shadowy struggle of historic proportions, which endured over a decade and across both the Bush and Obama administrations, involving multiple secret intelligence agencies, a litany of incongruous strategies and tactics, and dozens of players, including some of the most prominent military and political figures. A sprawling American tragedy, the war was an open clash of arms but also a covert melee of ideas, secrets, and subterranean violence.

Coll excavates this grand battle, which took place away from the gaze of the American public. With unsurpassed expertise, original research, and attention to detail, he brings to life a narrative at once vast and intricate, local and global, propulsive and painstaking.

This is the definitive explanation of how America came to be so badly ensnared in an elaborate, factional, and seemingly interminable conflict in South Asia. Nothing less than a forensic examination of the personal and political forces that shape world history, Directorate S is a complete masterpiece of both investigative and narrative journalism.

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Twenty-eight hours and thirty minutes is a serious commitment for any audiobook, and Directorate S asks for every one of them to trace a single, tangled question: how did decades of American strategy in Afghanistan and Pakistan end in failure despite enormous resources thrown at the problem. Steve Coll built this as a follow-up to Ghost Wars, and the scale of the research shows in just how much ground the book covers, from the months after 9/11 through the Bush and Obama administrations.

Our Take on Directorate S

Directorate S covers the period from just before 9/11 through the years the United States, Pakistan's I.S.I., the Taliban, and Al Qaeda spent locked in what the synopsis calls an invisible slow-motion collision course. Coll traces how a secretive, compartmentalized wing of Pakistani intelligence, known as Directorate S, worked to arm and legitimize the Taliban even as Pakistan officially cooperated with American counterterrorism efforts, and the book argues that failing to understand that contradiction is a central reason the war dragged on as long as it did.

Two five-star reviews connect this book directly to Coll's earlier Ghost Wars. Jason D. Sands calls it an exhaustive account of the war from 9/11 through the end of 2016 and starts listing specific factors behind the failure, including how the Iraq War distracted attention at a critical early stage. Michael Griswold frames Directorate S as picking up exactly where Ghost Wars left off, noting Coll goes into rich detail about the decisions and deliberations that shaped the conflict. Both reviews cut off mid-sentence in the material available here, so their full arguments are not fully recoverable, only their starting points.

Scope stretches across two very different presidential approaches to the same war here, the Bush and Obama administrations, which the synopsis frames as one continuous, shadowy struggle rather than two separate policies. That framing gives the book its structural ambition: less a single narrative arc than a decade-plus audit of decisions made by multiple secret intelligence agencies at once.

Three countries are represented across the five reviews here, the United States, India, and Australia, suggesting this audiobook has found a genuinely international audience for a story centered on Afghanistan and Pakistan rather than one confined to American readers of American foreign policy.

Why Listen to Directorate S

Ambition alone is a reason to listen: this audiobook covers a Pulitzer Prize-winning author's account of one of the longest and most consequential American conflicts of the twenty-first century, built from what the synopsis describes as unsurpassed expertise and original research. Malcolm Hillgartner narrates all twenty-eight hours and thirty minutes, and not one of the five reviews weighs in on that performance directly, focusing instead entirely on the history itself.

Harshit Kumawat's five-star review, titled Masterpiece! Profoundly Insightful, connects Directorate S to Ghost Wars as a combined account running from the Soviet invasion in 1979 to the American withdrawal in 2016, and describes reading both books just before the Taliban entered Kabul in August 2021, a timing that gave the history an unusually immediate weight. That kind of reception, history that keeps proving itself relevant, is part of what a book this dense in research is built to deliver.

History and Asia are this release's tags, though they undersell how much the book also functions as an institutional case study: multiple intelligence agencies, competing strategies, and dozens of specific political and military figures moving through nearly two decades of decisions. Twenty-eight hours is enough runtime to actually hold all of that without collapsing it into a simplified timeline.

What to Watch For in Directorate S

Four of the five reviews available here cut off mid-sentence or mid-word in the source material, including Jason D. Sands's list of factors behind the war's failure and Michael Griswold's account of the book's structure. That is worth knowing going in: what is quoted below reflects only what is visible, not necessarily each reviewer's complete argument, and nothing here should be read as those reviews' full conclusions. A fifth review, from a reviewer using the handle Turkey Whisperer, does not address Coll's research or the book's specific claims at all, so it offers little to weigh alongside the four that do.

CG RGM's four-star review is the most critical in the set and worth taking seriously: it argues the book is almost devoid of information about Directorate S itself, questioning whether the group as described even exists, and points readers instead toward Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence Directorate by Owen L. Sirrs for what it calls a better analysis of the same subject. That is a direct, sourced dissent from a book otherwise carrying five-star reviews, and it deserves a place in your decision alongside the praise.

Unreliable is the fairest word for the star rating itself, by the numbers. This listing pairs a 4.6 average with a count of just one recorded rating, while five full written reviews sit visibly beneath it, a combination no rounding convention explains. Treat 4.6 as effectively unconfirmed rather than as a precise reflection of listener sentiment.

Who Should Listen to Directorate S

This suits readers of serious, research-heavy conflict history who have either already read Ghost Wars or want a single, sprawling account of the Afghanistan and Pakistan war on its own terms. Twenty-eight and a half hours is a real investment, closer to a semester of listening than a weekend project, and the density Jason D. Sands and Michael Griswold both describe suggests it should be approached that way.

Skip it if CG RGM's dissent gives you pause about the book's central claims regarding Directorate S itself, or if you would rather start with a narrower, more specifically sourced account like the Owen L. Sirrs book referenced in that same review. Commit to it if you want the scale and ambition of a Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist's multi-year research project, even knowing one credible reviewer disputes how much of it actually concerns the group named in the title.

Before You Press Play

  • Read by: Malcolm Hillgartner carries all twenty-eight-plus hours solo, a performance the five available reviews never actually weigh in on.
  • At its heart: US-Pakistan intelligence rivalry, the Taliban's rise despite occupation, institutional failure across two presidential administrations.
  • Vibe: Sprawling, investigative, demanding.
  • Short version: A serious commitment for readers of Ghost Wars or conflict history generally, though one credible review disputes how much it covers its own title subject.

Common Questions

How long is the Directorate S audiobook?

It runs twenty-eight hours and thirty minutes total, tracing American, Pakistani, and Taliban strategy in Afghanistan from just after 9/11 through the Bush and Obama administrations, built specifically as a follow-up to Steve Coll's earlier Pulitzer Prize-winning book Ghost Wars.

Do I need to have read Ghost Wars before this audiobook?

Not strictly. One reviewer, Michael Griswold, notes that Coll gives readers unfamiliar with the earlier book enough context to follow the roughly 9/11-to-present period without feeling lost, though listeners who already know Ghost Wars will likely catch connections newcomers miss.

Does this audiobook actually cover the group called Directorate S in detail?

That is disputed. A four-star review argues the book is almost devoid of information about Directorate S itself and points instead to a different book, Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence Directorate by Owen L. Sirrs, for what it calls closer analysis of the same subject.

Can I trust the 4.6 rating shown for this audiobook?

Not as a precise figure. The listing shows only one rating attached to that 4.6 average, while five full written reviews appear beneath it, a combination no standard rounding method explains. Treat the score as unconfirmed rather than a reliable summary of listener opinion.

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What Listeners Are Saying

★★★★★

Why did it all go wrong?

This book is a good starting point for answering that question. This book, a sequel to Coll’s book Ghost Wars, is an exhaustive account of the war in Afghanistan from 9/11 to the end of 2016.What went wrong? Here are a few of the things I’ve gathered from this book:...

- Jason D. Sands
★★★★★

Picking Up Where Ghost Wars Left Off

Steve Coll’s Directorate S picks up where his previous book Ghost Wars leaves off. Coll does enough I think where if a reader is just interested in the roughly 9-11 to present period of the Afghanistan conflict that they can pick up this book and not be historically unaware. Up...

- Michael Griswold
★★★★☆

The second best book on the subject

Steve Coll’s latest book is almost devoid of information about Directorate S (assuming such a group even exists; see ‘Pakistan’s Inter-Services Intelligence Directorate’ by Owen L. Sirrs for a better analysis on this topic). Moreover, despite the book’s sub-title, there is little here that an active reader on the U.S....

- CG RGM
★★★★★

Masterpiece! Profoundly Insightful

Words cannot describe the greatness of this book. Author Steve Coll's books "Ghost Wars" and "Directorate S" are seminal work on history of Afghanistan covering the time from Soviet Invasion in 1979 to American withdrawal in 2016.I couldn't have started reading these two books at a better time. In August...

- Harshit Kumawat
★★★★★

female brains needed.

Scary, informative, helped me see clearly why we need to move more rapidly toward a matriarchal society. Analysing with emperthetic female brains would have changed this history.

- Turkey Whisperer

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Alexandra Reed

Written by Alexandra Reed

Founder & Literary Critic